MEANING OF FUNCTIONAL ORGANISATION
This form of organisation is based on the principle of specialisation. Under this form of organisation, the work is divided in such a manner that all the officers below the rank of assistant superintendents do the minimum possible work of decision making and one particular officer must be responsible for particular work so that he may be an expert in his work. Under this form of management, one particular employee is related to one officer only who gives the necessary orders and directions to him. In this form, the experts are directly in touch with the workers.
The functional organisation was introduced by F. W. Taylor to overcome the drawbacks of line organisation. Taylor emphasized ten qualities of an employee so that he may discharge his duties properly. These qualities were:
(i) Brain,
(ii) Education,
(iii) Special or technical knowledge,
(iv) Manual strength,
(V) Tact,
(vi) Energy,
(vii) Grip,
(viii) Honesty,
(ix) Judgement power, and
(x) Good health.
In this form of organisation, the authority flows from top to bottom. Under this form, a worker gets orders and instructions from different Bosses. Every Boss gives orders to him related to his specialised functions. Thus, in this form, authority becomes functional and specialised. The worker is responsible to all the Bosses from whom he gets the orders and instructions for his jobs. These Bosses are responsible for their specialised jobs.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNCTIONAL ORGANISATION
The functional organisation has the following characteristics:
1. This form of organisation depends on the principle of specialisation.
2. Under this method, the work is divided to the last possible division.
3. In this method, the experts are in direct touch with the workers.
4. Employees are responsible to their experts.
5. A worker gets orders and instructions from many different experts at a time.
RELATED TOPIC
Characteristics of Human Resource Management
Objective of Human Resource Management
Scope of Human Resource Management
